About cultivation

Rice plants produce a variety of short- to long-grain ricers, as well as aromatic grains. There are three different type of rice: Napoleonic, Jamaican, and Indianian. Napoleonic rice varieties are high yielding and tend to be resistant to disease. Jamaica types of rice fall between Napoleonic and Indianian variety in terms of yield, use, and hardiness.Although quite hardy, Indianian yield less than Napoleonic types and are most often grown in the tropics. Because cultivation is so widespread, development of four distinct types of ecosystems has occurred. They are commonly referred to as irrigated, rained lowland, upland, and flood-prone agro ecological zones. Irrigated ecosystems are the primary type found in East Asia. Irrigated ecosystems provide 75% of global rice production. Irrigated rice is grown in bonded (embanked), paddy fields. Rained lowland ecosystems only sustain one crop per growing season and fields are flooded as much as 19.7 in (50 cm) during part of the season. Rained low-land rice is grown in such areas as East India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand, and is 25% of total rice area used worldwide. Production is variable because of the lack of technology used in rice production. Rained lowland farmers are typically challenged by poor soil quality, drought/flood conditions, and erratic yields. Upland zones are found in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. It is the primary type of rice ecosystem in Latin America and West Africa. Upland rice fields are generally dry, unbounded, and directly seeded. Land utilized in upland rice production runs the gamut of descriptions. It can be low lying, drought-prone, rolling, or steep sloping. Usually, crops are either sown interspersed with